"The Cosmic Illusion: Light, Time, and the Secrets of the Universe"

**Topics:**  

1. **The Deception of Senses and Cosmic Illusions** – How our perception of reality is shaped by light and time.  
2. **The Speed of Light and Its Limitations** – Understanding how light travels and why it defines our view of the past.  
3. **William Herschel and the Discovery of Time Travel through Telescopes** – How looking into space is looking into the past.  
4. **The Illusion of the Sun and the Horizon** – Why what we see isn’t always the truth.  
5. **Distances in Space: Light Years and Cosmic Scales** – Measuring the universe with light.  
6. **Galactic Time Travel: Observing the Ancient Universe** – How we see stars and galaxies that no longer exist.  
7. **The Crab Nebula and the Death of Stars** – Supernovae, pulsars, and their impact on cosmic evolution.  
8. **The Expanding Universe and the Cosmic Horizon** – The limits of what we can see and what lies beyond.  
9. **The Big Bang and the Birth of Everything** – Tracing the origin of space, time, and gravity.  
10. **Gravity: The Force That Binds the Cosmos** – How Newton, Faraday, and Einstein reshaped our understanding.  
11. **Einstein’s Theory of Relativity and the Speed of Light** – Why light speed is an absolute limit.  
12. **Time Dilation and Near-Light Speed Travel** – How traveling at extreme speeds affects time.  
13. **The Mystery of Dark Stars and Black Holes** – John Michell’s predictions and the modern understanding of black holes.  

The science that has discovered about the cosmos is so amazing that we can't even imagine. Light, time, space and gravity together create a reality that is beyond human experience. Today we are going there.

Come with me. In 1802, on a night like this, astronomer William Herschel was walking with his son John along the coast of England. Herschel was the first person to look into the depths of the infinite ocean of the cosmos.

There he saw a glimpse of the magic that light does with time. Dad, do you believe in ghosts? Yes, I do. You? You do? I thought you don't.

No, no. Human ghosts never exist. They don't exist at all.

Look up, my child. There are ghosts in the sky. They are stars.

Explain it properly. Every star is as big and shiny as our sun. Just think, even the sun is tiny and dim like these stars.

How far do we have to take it? The light coming out of the stars is very fast. Nothing is faster than that. But there is a limit to that.

It takes time for their light to reach us. The closest ones take years. Others take centuries.

Some stars are so far away that it takes centuries for their light to reach the earth. By the time the light of some stars reaches here, they are finished. We are only looking at the ashes of those stars.

We do see their light, but their body has already died. John, we have gone so far back in time. No one has ever seen so much.

Millions of years back. William Herschel was the first man to understand that the telescope is a time machine. Without going back in time, we cannot see anything in space.

The light travels 300,000 kilometers per second. The distance is 1,86,000 miles. The distance between the moon and the earth is also the same.

That is, the moon is one light second away from us. Next time when you see the moon, understand that you are looking back one second in time. This is the sun, but it is not actually there.

It will be visible after the next two minutes. The rise of the sun is also a deception. The atmosphere of the earth turns the rays of the sun, like a lens or a glass of water.

That is why we can see the image of the sun even before it reaches the sky. The sun behind me is a mystery. Just like the water on a desert road in the summer.

The light of the sun reaches the earth in about 8 minutes. That is, the sun is 8 light minutes away from us. From the earth, we see the sun as it was 8 minutes ago.

One more thing, the sun never rises, but the earth rotates, and we are with it. Believe it or not, but right now I am walking faster than a jet plane. And you and all the people on earth. Beliet it or not, there is nothing on this horizon either. There is no edge anywhere.

Also Read This; The Hidden World of Atoms: Exploring the Universe at the Smallest Scale" 

The horizon is also just another deception. Planets orbit the sun, so the distance between the earth and the outermost planet Neptune keeps changing. On average, light determines this distance in 4 hours.

That is, the Neptune we see from the earth is always 4 hours old. 4 light hours away. But the distance between planets, even the outermost planet, is nothing in front of the vast distance between stars and galaxies.

As soon as we leave the area around the sun, the unit measuring distance changes. Light years instead of light hours. Light year is actually the scale of the cosmos.

One light year is 10 trillion kilometers, which is about 6 trillion miles. This is also a unit of distance, such as meter or mile. This distance is determined by light in a year.

The closest star of the sun, Proxima Centauri, is a little more than 4 light years away from the earth. What is the distance of 4 light years? NASA's Voiser spacecraft runs at a speed of 56,000 kilometers per hour. Even after such a great speed, it will take more than 80,000 years for the Voiser to reach our closest star.

And the stars of Pleiades Custer are 400 light years away. Our imaginary spaceship has a different kind of beauty. A wonder in itself.

It will show us what was happening at the time when a distant star or galaxy started its long journey to the earth. When that light must have started from Pleiades about 400 years ago, Galileo must have seen it for the first time with a telescope. A few years later, he tried to measure the speed of light, but he failed.

His plan was great, but the technology of that time was not good enough to measure such a fast thing as light. When we look at the Crab Nebula from Earth, we are actually looking far behind time. The Crab Nebula was once a very large star, 10 times larger than the Sun.

Then after the explosion, it became a supernova. The middle part of it is a pulsar, i.e. a dwarf star. This star, which has shrunk to the size of a city, rotates 30 times in a second.

The fast-spinning magnetic field of this part also causes turbulence in the nearby electrons. And their speed increases to almost the speed of light. Blue light emits from them, which also illuminates the gas pebbles still coming out of the supernova.

The Crab Nebula is about 6,500 light-years away from Earth. Some people believe that the age of the entire universe is the same. But if the universe was only 6,500 light-years old, how could we see the light of the stars away from the Crab Nebula? No, we couldn't.

Light from any direction more than 6,500 light-years away could never come to Earth. This is the time when light seems to cross a very small part of our Milky Way, the Milky Way. If we consider the age of the universe to be 6,000 or 7,000 light-years, we will have to ignore most of the light of the Milky Way.

While the truth is that the light of hundreds of billions of galaxies can also be seen in the universe. The center of our own Milky Way is about 30,000 light-years away from Earth. The light coming out of the center of the Milky Way that we see today came from there when our ancestors were mastering the art of immortality.

By making such paintings, which have the power to inspire their future generations. The light that we see coming from the Sombrero Galaxy is 3 billion years old. Our ancestors lived on trees when they must have come from there.

They weighed about 5 kilos and had a long tail. But the distance of 3 billion light-years is also considered to be five neighbors in our cosmos. This is a part of the Coma Cluster, which is 32 billion light-years away from us.

When this light must have come from there, what was going on on Earth at that time? There were no oceans or rivers like today. Our ancestors came out of the water and landed on the ground. This light is very old, but we can also see a light older than this.

The oldest light is very faint and hazy at night. Do you see that red box in the round circle? This is one of the oldest galaxies we can see. This light is 13.4 billion years old.

Hubble Space Telescope has seen this light. This light is coming from very early stars. What was going on on Earth at that time? Nothing.

Then there was no Earth, no Sun, and no Milky Way. It all became after billions of years. When we try to look beyond this in the universe, it seems that space is ending here.

But in reality, time starts from here. The Earth pulls us towards itself. Our life passes by clinging to gravity.

This little girl is trying her best to fight gravity and get up. From the first step of life to the last, we struggle to get beyond the gravity of the Earth. In the shadow of this gravity, we are born, live and die.

Gravity is as old as the universe. And what is the age of the universe? To take a look at the universe's 13.8 billion years of age, we have changed the cosmic time to a year's calendar. It is now midnight on December 31st.

And time is starting from January 1st. Do you see that shiny cloud? This is the remaining radiation after the Big Bang. After this explosion, the universe was created 13.8 billion years ago.

As far as we know about space and time, this is its limit. So no one knows what happened before the Big Bang. There is no evidence of before that.

Many speculations have been made about where the universe came from, we will find out. Where are we in the universe? Right in the middle. This is what everyone thinks when they see the universe.

No matter which galaxy you live in, whenever you look at the universe, you will find yourself right in the middle of the cosmic horizon. But this is just an illusion. In fact, there is no center of the universe.

The cosmic horizon is the same as the horizon seen on the sea. This happens because in a universe, the speed of light is also determined, which has a beginning. After a few billion years of the Big Bang, stars and galaxies were formed at the beginning due to the presence of large clouds of hydrogen and helium.

After the arrival of new sources of light, the dark era of the universe ended for a long time. As space continued to grow, the development of the cosmos began on an even larger scale. After the death of the first generation of stars, heavy elements were left in space.

And later, planets were formed from them. And then life also. Matter and energy were formed in the Big Bang.

But that was not all. Space and time were formed when all the forces that bind matter, including gravity, were also formed. Isaac Newton had discovered a law of mathematics that tells us how gravity works.

He explained the speed of planets through that law. More than a hundred years later, William Herschel found out that gravity does a lot more. The gravity that keeps us on earth, keeps the planets in their orbits according to Newton.

It has found out that the same gravity also applies to distant stars. Dad, but how do you know this? Can you find the constellation of Lion in the sky? There it is. Very good.

Can you tell me the star that connects the lion's head to his body? There it is. That star. There are actually two stars, which are so close that you can see only one.

It has been watching them with a telescope for many years, when you were not even born. How slowly they are dancing around each other. No planet orbits the sun so slowly.

Today, most of the stars we see may be dancing with an invisible partner. Gravity. That is why the whole universe is moving.

A century ago, Sir Isaac Newton was also worried because he did not understand how gravity works there. How can stars, which are very far away from each other, affect each other in empty space without touching each other? He called it action at a distance and he was worried about it. In the 19th century, Michael Faraday found out that the invisible fields of force around us work, which can explain gravity.

The apple and the earth do not touch each other, the fields between them do. He had an imagination that the gravitational force is spreading from everything in the mass, whether it is the earth, the moon, the sun or anything else. This was the answer to the question that Newton could not solve.

In 1865, James Clerk Maxwell changed Faraday's ideas about electric and magnetic fields into the laws of mathematics. He found out that these fields come into space in the form of waves. When he calculated their speed, he found out that it is equal to the speed of light.

At that time, we had started to know the secrets of the cosmos. But until then, we had not succeeded in separating the dense network between time, light, space and gravity. When Albert Einstein was working on his theory of gravity in Berlin, he had put the portraits of these scientists in front of him.

Also Read This;- Who Lived On Earth , Before Human!

He knew that he could not move forward without their help. Many years ago, he got an idea in the form of Kishore, which was as important as any of his ideas. And this happened in a summer when he was dreaming of Diwa in Italy.

20 years ago, in the summers of 1895, Einstein's father's business in Germany was ruined. And his family came to Northern Italy. Young Einstein loved to roam on these roads.

New ideas used to come to his mind here. It seems that the time has stopped now. He is still the same as when Einstein used to dream here during the day.

One day, he started thinking about light, how fast it moves. In everyday life, we always measure the speed of anything, so we compare it to something else that is not moving. There is only one difficulty, to find something in the cosmos that is not moving.

Suppose I am going at a speed of about 10 km per hour in comparison to the earth. But as I have told you before, the earth is moving by itself. The earth is moving at a speed of more than 1600 km per hour in an hour.

While the sun is moving at a speed of 108,000 km per hour. And the sun is also moving at a speed of more than 700,000 km per hour in the sky. Even the sky is moving at a speed of about 25,000,000 km per hour in the universe.

There is no place stable in the cosmos. Everything in nature is moving. This has surprised and inspired one of the most genius human beings to date.

Even for the young Einstein, it was difficult to think about a scale that measures so many relative motions. This is the book that inspired the young Einstein. If you give a book to a child, the world can change, even the universe.

Just look at this, this is the first page. It says how fast electricity runs through the stars and in the light space. Einstein remembered what he had learned from this book as a child.

And perhaps for the first time, at this place. How would this imaginary world look like if we travel at the speed of light? Einstein got as confused as he thought about it. If we assume that it is difficult to travel at the speed of light, then many other questions arise.

Einstein was shocked to learn that even the most knowledgeable people who believed it to be true, were completely wrong. It is necessary to follow some rules when traveling at high speed. Einstein called these new rules the principles of relativity.

Just think about it. The young woman who has just left us on a motorcycle, she is riding her motorcycle in the cosmos. The speed of light does not affect the speed of light, whether it is in rest or motion.

The speed of light does not affect her own speed. The light coming out of the motorcycle will also run at the speed of light. It is the law of nature, it is impossible to go beyond the speed of light.

In other words, no object can be equal to or faster than the speed of light. There is nothing in physics that stops you from traveling at the speed of light. The speed of light can be 99.9%, but no matter how hard you try, you can never reach the speed of light.

This can only be true when there is something like a cosmic speed limit. The sound of the horn came because its edge was rotating at a faster speed than the sound. This created a shockwave, a small sonic boom that echoed in this area.

This also happens when lightning strikes. And the sound of a supersonic jet passing by. So why is the barrier only on the speed of light? Why not on the speed of sound? The answer is not only that light is 10 lakh times faster than sound, and it is not just an engineering problem.

Like the first supersonic jet was invented. Instead, the light barrier is one of the most important rules of nature, such as gravity. Einstein understood the world.

And among all the motions of the cosmos, this is the only motion that does not change. Light runs at the same speed, even if the speed of its source is fast or slow. In comparison to everyone else, the speed of light remains the same.

No one can achieve a speed equal to this. This is the beauty of the rules of nature. It is impossible to break them.

A physicist's job is to find these rules. Rules that do not change in different cultures or at different times and apply to the entire cosmos. And that's why, as Einstein showed, it's fun to get close to the speed of light.

Traveling around the speed of light is like becoming immortal. Because then your biological clock slows down compared to the people we have left behind. This reality can become a means for us humans, who are around 100 years old, to reach the stars.

Where the magic show of space and time is going on. William Herschel, an astronomer of the 19th century, liked to tell his son John about the miracles of the universe. I had a very intelligent friend.

He was an astronomer. And a priest too. His name was John Mitchell.

He passed away when you were very young. His claim was that some stars are not visible. They do exist, but we can't see them.

Mitchell used to call him a dark star. He was your friend, dad. But I think he was wrong.

If you can't see those stars, how do you know they are real? Can you see the man whose feet have these marks? Not at all, dad. I can't see him. You will.

He must be. John Mitchell was a great scientist whose name you may not have even heard of. He lived and worked in England in the 18th century.

Even if he had ever made a portrait of himself, he is no more. Those who knew him told him once that he was a fat, dark-skinned man. Mitchell believed that a star was so big, so heavy, that nothing could escape its gravity.

Even light could not escape it. Can you find dark stars? You can't see them with your eyes. Not directly.

But it is possible that they too leave their mark. Mitchell thought that we might be able to find some of these dark stars. Because of their powerful gravity.

If they are near a small, shiny star, then that small star will appear to be circling around something invisible. Even if we can't see it, we know that there is something with a lot of mass there. A dark star.

Or nowadays, it is called a black hole. So what is a black hole? And what is inside it? We will find out. But first, I will take you to my city.

New York City. I always feel that everything here is constantly moving. Most of my life has passed here.

Still, something new is always seen here. But one thing never changes. Gravity.

Gravity on earth has been around for the last 4.5 billion years. But today, if we bring change to it, then… Gravity is the result of change in the form of space-time. As Einstein himself showed.

Space can grow and can shrink to any extent. If the shape of the earth or its density were something else, then its gravity would not be so much. A lot can happen in this.

New Yorkers have no problem now. Because the gravity of the earth is now 1g. Suppose we have removed gravity from a road here.

The people and things that are in motion right now will fly in the air. And now if I increase the gravity to 8 or 9g, then the good thing will be that this place will be vacated. So this g-force is as much as a fighter pilot feels when he turns fast.

You will be able to bear it for a few minutes. But this will be a problem for you. At 1 lakh g-force, the fire hydrant will also break with its own weight.

But when g-force reaches several lakhs, gravity also pulls the light. The light still moves at its own speed, but it cannot escape it. This is Michelle's dark star.

Or our black hole. And it is so close to everyone that you can't even imagine.

A Comprehensive Review Of Modicare Direct Selling System, MLM Benefits And Products Quality 

Personal Care ;-

Groceries Items;-